Soil respiration is the second largest carbon flux component in the terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle, which is only inferior to the total primary productivity of vegetation. It plays an important role in the terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle and carbon budget. Therefore, quantitative estimation of soil respiration is of great significance for accurate assessment of global carbon budget. Global 1km annual soil respiration products, including global soil respiration (Rs) from 2000 to 2020, with a time resolution of 1 year and data in NetCDF format. The product can provide data support for global change and carbon cycle research.